Incubator.



PATENTED JAN. 24, 1905.

W. H. PHILLIPS. INGUBATOR.

APPLIOATION FILED NOV. 28, 1903.

, A TTOHN UNITED STATES Patented January 24, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE. l

' lNouBAToR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 780,912, dated January24., 1905.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known .that LWTLLIAM HENRY PHIL- Lirs, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Belleville, in the county of JeersonI andState of New York, have invented a new and Improved Incubator, of which'the followingl is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to improvements in incubators for hatching theeggs of. fowls,'an object being to. provide an incubator with anovelmeans for maintaining a constant circulation of air at an eventemperature and in a proper moist condition.

4 I will describe an incubator embodying my invention and then point outthe novel features in the appended claims.

Reference isto be had to the accompanying` drawings, forming a part ofthis speciiication, in which similar characters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the iigures.

Figure 1 is a perspective View of an incubator embodying my invention.Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a perspective view ofone of a set of deflectors employed, and Fig. 4: is a plan View showinga two-part damper on the heater. The incubator consists of a casingcomprising outer walls 1, inner'walls 2, a top wall 3, an inner top wall4, and a perforated bottom wall 5. Between the side, end, andtop walls apacking 6 is arranged, the said packing con-` sistingof mineral wool orother suitable material designed to prevent the escape of heat,

excepting as hereinafter described.

Arranged at one side of the casing is a heating-box 7, having doublewalls with a suitable packing 8 between the same. Extended upwardthrough the heating-box is a iiue 9, in which is arranged a plurality ofswinging deiectors l0, the said defiectors being pivoted at the centerof their side edges to walls of the ue, and'they are arranged atoppositesides of the "iiue in staggered relation, and the pivots are shown at10, Fig.l 3. Each defiector has an inwardly-extended arm 11, attached toa drawing device 12, which may consist of a chain connected at its outerend toa lever 13, pivoted to a post 14 and having a weight 15 adjustableon it. The deiiectors are provided with notches 10b at the upperApplication tied Nvember 2s, i903. semi No. 182,976.

- and lower ends. The lower notches will receive the chain, permittingthe same to have free movement when the deiiectors are in closedposition. By formingthe notches in both ends the defiectors may beconveniently assembled either end down. From the lever 13 a rod 16extendsdown through an opening in the top of thecasing and connects witha thermostatic rod 17, arranged in the casing, and as a means forcausing adjustments between the lever and thermostat, and thus regulatethe heat, a screw 16, operating in the lever, receives the upper end ofthe rod 16. The upper end of the heating-box 7 communicates with theinterior of the casing through a flue 18, in which a damper 19 isarranged.

It will be notedl that the heating-box extends considerably below thebottom of the incubator-casing, and an opening in the bot.-

tom of the box is designed to receive the chim- At one side of the boxney 20`of a lamp 21. 7 and communicating therewith at the bottom is areceptacle 22 for holding a moist sponge 23, so as to supply suitablemoisture to the heated air. The bottom wall of this receptacle consistsof a netting 24, and a netting 25 may be placed above the sponge.

Arranged in the incubator below the Hue 18 is ahorizontal diaphragm 26,provided with the tray is a diaphragm 31, perforated, as a't 32.

In the operation the air will pass through' the wet sponge 23 and thencealong the outer side of the flue 9, l-where it will be heated and passinto the incubator, as before stated, at the upper portion thereof.

admitted will force the cold air through the perforations of thediaphragm 26, thence through the egg-tray and diaphragm 31, and outthrough the bottom of the incubator. The heat will be automaticallyregulated by the opening and closing of the deiiectors 10 under theinuence of the thermostatic rod 17,

The hot air thus IOO and a valve 33 at the upper end of the flue 9 byits degree of opening will govern the amount of draft Jfor the lamp. Byextending the heating-box 7 below the bottom of the incubator additionalforce is given to the hot air to drive the air that has lost a portionof its heat down and out of the incubator, and it is to be understoodthat the chimney 2O has a tight fit in the opening at the bottom of theheating-box, so as to prevent the entrance of cold air around thechimney, thus reducing the temperature.

It may be further stated in regard to the deflectors 10 that they willmore or less retard the iow of air through the flue 9, depending uponthe degree of opening, and by retarding the air it is obvious that itwill be held longer under the inluence of the heat from the lamp. As theend oi' the lever 13 moves down the weight of the chain 'l2 will swingthe deflectors toward open position.

It will be noted that the upper portion of the incubator is practicallyair-tight and that the upper chamber is deeper than the other chamber.By thus providing a deep upper chamber the air will have a chance toblend together by its own gravity before passing through the upperdiaphragm, and it will be further noted that the perforations areprogressively smaller from the bottom 5 upward, and thus the air issomewhat retarded in its downward passage.

It is well understood that during the hatching the eggs at certainintervals must be turned over in the tray and that while so turning themthe incubator temperature must be practically maintained. As aconvenient means for maintaining the temperature I provide a hot-waterbox 34, upon which the tray may be placed during the turning of theeggs.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent- 1. An incubator comprising acasing, a heating-boxarranged at one end thereof and having a portion extended below thebottom of the incubator-casing, the bottom end of the heating-box beingprovided with an opening,

an offset at the lower end ofA the heating-box and communicatingtherewith and forniing a receptacle for a dampening material, a lineconnecting the. upper portion oli the heatingbox with the interior ofthe incubator-casing, a ilue extended upward through said box, swingingdeflcctors arranged in staggered relation in said flue, and athermostatie rod within the incubator having connection with saiddeiectors.

2. An incubator comprisinga casing, a heating-box having communicationat its upper portion with theupper portion oit said incubator-casing, areceptacle eommunicati ng with the lower end of said box and adapted toreceive a moistening device, a perforated bottom for said receptacle` aiue extended upward through the heating-box, a plurality oi swingingdeflectors arranged alternatel,Y at opposite sides in said flue, alevermountcd to swing on the casing, a connection between said lever andthe defiectors, a thermostat in the incubator, and a connection betweensaid lever and thermostat.

3. An incubator comprising a casing, an air-heating box arrangedadjacent thereto and communicating with the incubator at the upperportion, the said hiating-box being extended below the bottom oi theincubator, and a plurality of connected swinging deflectors forregulating the passage of heat through the box.

4. An incubator comprising a casing, a transverse partition arranged insaid casing and having perforations, the bottom of said casing beingprovided with perforations, a perforated tray mounted to slide in thecasing, and a plurality of automatically actuated swinging defiectorsfor regulating heated air passing into the casing.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

IVILLIAM HENRY PHILLIPS.

Vitnesses:

S. H. Km'ns, Guo. M. KEYES.

